This page describes the BINARY data type. For details about the operator, see Binary Operator.
Syntax
BINARY(M)
Description
The BINARY type is similar to the CHAR type, but stores binary
byte strings rather than non-binary character strings. M represents the
column length in bytes.
It contains no character set, and comparison and sorting are based on the numeric value of the bytes.
If the maximum length is exceeded, and SQL strict mode is not enabled , the extra characters will be dropped with a warning. If strict mode is enabled, an error will occur.
BINARY values are right-padded with 0x00 (the zero byte) to the specified length when inserted. The padding is not removed on select, so this needs to be taken into account when sorting and comparing, where all bytes are significant. The zero byte, 0x00 is less than a space for comparison purposes.
Examples
Inserting too many characters, first with strict mode off, then with it on:
CREATE TABLE bins (a BINARY(10));
INSERT INTO bins VALUES('12345678901');
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.04 sec)
SELECT * FROM bins;
+------------+
| a |
+------------+
| 1234567890 |
+------------+
SET sql_mode='STRICT_ALL_TABLES';
INSERT INTO bins VALUES('12345678901');
ERROR 1406 (22001): Data too long for column 'a' at row 1
Sorting is performed with the byte value:
TRUNCATE bins;
INSERT INTO bins VALUES('A'),('B'),('a'),('b');
SELECT * FROM bins ORDER BY a;
+------+
| a |
+------+
| A |
| B |
| a |
| b |
+------+
SELECT * FROM bins ORDER BY CAST(a AS CHAR);
+------+
| a |
+------+
| a |
| A |
| b |
| B |
+------+
The field is a BINARY(10), so padding of two '\0's are inserted, causing comparisons that don't take this into account to fail:
TRUNCATE bins;
INSERT INTO bins VALUES('12345678');
SELECT a = '12345678', a = '12345678\0\0' from bins;
+----------------+--------------------+
| a = '12345678' | a = '12345678\0\0' |
+----------------+--------------------+
| 0 | 1 |
+----------------+--------------------+
Example of BINARY:
CREATE TABLE binary_example (
description VARCHAR(20),
example BINARY(255)
) DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; -- One byte per char makes the examples clearer
INSERT INTO binary_example VALUES
('Normal foo', 'foo'),
('Trailing spaces foo', 'foo '),
('NULLed', NULL),
('Empty', ''),
('Maximum', RPAD('', 255, CHAR(7)));
SELECT description, LENGTH(example) AS length
FROM binary_example;
+---------------------+--------+
| description | length |
+---------------------+--------+
| Normal foo | 255 |
| Trailing spaces foo | 255 |
| NULLed | NULL |
| Empty | 255 |
| Maximum | 255 |
+---------------------+--------+
Data Too Long
When SQL_MODE is strict (the default) a value is considered "too long" when its length exceeds the size of the data type, and an error is generated.
Example of data too long behavior for BINARY:
TRUNCATE binary_example;
INSERT INTO binary_example VALUES
('Overflow', RPAD('', 256, CHAR(7)));
ERROR 1406 (22001): Data too long for column 'example' at row 1
